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Hepatitis B is an important global problem. Around 350 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus and are therefore at risk of developing chronic liver disease.1 This includes around 180,000 people in the UK.2 Infected patients will be concerned about the social and occupational More...
Recent policy changes have focused attention on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the UK. In particular, automatic reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) is a requirement of the National Service Framework (NSF) for Renal Services in England. Also, the Quality and Outcomes Fr More...
Epidemiological studies show that lifestyle, including diet, affects risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Here, we discuss how lifestyle changes can improve outlook in high-risk individuals, that is, people who have clinically obvious atherosclerotic disease, or those who are at significant risk More...
Sickle cell disease is a recessively inherited condition in which synthesis of haemoglobin is abnormal. The disease, which occurs mainly in people of African, African-Caribbean, Indian, Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent, is characterised by chronic anaemia, susceptibility to infection, bouts of severe More...
Management of patients traditionally starts with establishing a diagnosis, a process that relies heavily on how diseases are defined. But definitions of disease vary with time and are influenced by, amongst other things, culture, politics, sociology and economics. The ninth annual Drug and Therapeutics Bullet More...
Around 2-4 in 1,000 people in Northern Europe have ulcerative colitis or Crohn\'s disease. Both are chronic relapsing inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and share several clinical features. However, they are largely distinct in their risk factors, their genetic, immunological, anatomical and More...
Rivastigmine (Exelon - Novartis) is the second cholinesterase inhibitor marketed for symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe Alzheimer\\\'s dementia, and follows donepezil (Aricept - Eisai; Pfizer). Previously, we have been \\\"unconvinced of the value of donepezil in routine clinical practice More...
Up to 9% of patients admitted to hospital with gallstone disease have acute cholangitis - an infection of the biliary tree. This potentially fatal condition is usually a result of bile duct obstruction, most often by gallstones. Here we review the diagnosis and subsequent management of patients with acute cho More...